|
1900
|
Major blood types identified. |
 |
|
1903
|
Birth of the RN credential in the U.S. with the establishment of the first state boards of nursing in North Carolina, New York, New Jersey, and Virginia. | |
|
1909
|
Red
Cross Nursing Service organized; Jane Delano appointed chief.
|
|
|
1911
|
American
Nurses Association founded out of the Associated Alumnae of the U.S.
and Canada
|
 |
|
1914
|
Margaret
Sanger opens first birth control clinic.
|
|
|
1917
|
Formation
of the Army School of Nursing.
|
|
|
1918
|
Great
influenza epidemic; 500,000 die in U.S.
|
|
|
1918-19
|
25,000
nurses serve in WW I; reconstruction aides, precursors to OTs and PTs,
treat the war wounded.
|
|
|
1920
|
19th
Amendment passes; women get the right to vote.
|
 |
|
1925
|
Mary
Breckenridge founds the Frontier Nursing Service; American Academy of
Speech Correction established, introducing the practice of speech-language
pathology.
|
|
|
1935
|
Social Security Act passes. | |
|
1940
|
Formation of the Nursing Council for National Defense. |  |
|
1941-45
|
World War II, 75,000 to 78,000 nurses serve; black nurses refused admission into the Army until 1944; men refused admission as nurses. | |
|
1943
|
Formation of the U.S. Cadet Nurse Corps; 123,000 nurses trained. Pap smear introduced. |
 |
|
1944
|
Black nurses inducted into the Army after a struggle. | |
|
1946
|
Hill-Burton Act passes; more hospitals are built. Constitution of the World Health Organization approved. | |
|
1947
|
Inhalation Therapy Association forms, marking the birth of respiratory therapy as a profession. |
 |
|
1955
|
Mass immunization for polio begins. | |
|
1956
|
Health Amendments Act passes, beginning aid to nursing schools. | |
|
1958
|
First patient revived by CPR. |
 |
|
1964
|
Civil Rights Act passes; Federal Nurse Training Act passes, starting chain of educational aid that lasted until the '80s. | |
|
1965
|
Medicare and Medicaid introduced. | |
|
1977
|
Last case of smallpox recorded. | |
|
1978
|
Louise Brown, first test tube baby, born. |  |
|
1983
|
Diagnosis related groups (DRGs), a new hospital payment system, debut. | |
|
1986
|
National Center for Nursing Recruitment finds a place at the NIH. | |
|
1987
|
Universal precautions introduced. | |
|
1997
|
Balanced Budget Amendment passes, cutting funding to programs in which Medicare plays a significant role. | |
|
PHOTOS,
FROM TOP: AMERICAN RED CROSS (FIRST THREE), CORBIS, STANFORD MEDICAL
CENTER, AMERICAN PHYSICAL THERAPY ASSOCIATION, CORBIS (LAST TWO). BACKGROUND
PHOTOS, LEFT TO RIGHT: DIGITAL STOCK, PHOTODISC (AMBULANCE, STETHOSCOPE),
COMSTOCK ©1999
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||
